When we have high levels of glucose, such as after eating carbohydrates, the body needs to produce insulin to take care of the glucose by removing it from the blood stream and prevent it from causing damage to our cells and tissues.
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Eventually, when the body needs to release more and more insulin in response to high glucose, the cells become less reactive to the insulin and glucose levels stay high in the blood and we are in a state known as insulin resistance or prediabetes.